import json
import os
import re
from functools import lru_cache
from urllib.parse import urlencode
from os.path import abspath, dirname, join, pardir
import requests
from indra.util import read_unicode_csv
MESH_URL = 'https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/'
HERE = dirname(abspath(__file__))
RESOURCES = join(HERE, pardir, 'resources')
MESH_FILE = join(RESOURCES, 'mesh_id_label_mappings.tsv')
MESH_SUPP_FILE = join(RESOURCES, 'mesh_supp_id_label_mappings.tsv')
mesh_id_to_name = {}
mesh_name_to_id = {}
mesh_name_to_id_name = {}
def _load_mesh_file(path):
it = read_unicode_csv(path, delimiter='\t')
for mesh_id, mesh_label, mesh_terms_str in it:
mesh_id_to_name[mesh_id] = mesh_label
mesh_name_to_id[mesh_label] = mesh_id
mesh_terms = mesh_terms_str.split('|')
for term in mesh_terms:
mesh_name_to_id_name[term] = [mesh_id, mesh_label]
_load_mesh_file(MESH_FILE)
if os.path.exists(MESH_SUPP_FILE):
_load_mesh_file(MESH_SUPP_FILE)
[docs]@lru_cache(maxsize=1000)
def get_mesh_name_from_web(mesh_id):
"""Get the MESH label for the given MESH ID using the NLM REST API.
Parameters
----------
mesh_id : str
MESH Identifier, e.g. 'D003094'.
Returns
-------
str
Label for the MESH ID, or None if the query failed or no label was
found.
"""
url = MESH_URL + mesh_id + '.json'
resp = requests.get(url)
if resp.status_code != 200:
return None
mesh_json = resp.json()
try:
label = mesh_json['label']['@value']
except (KeyError, IndexError, TypeError) as e:
return None
return label
[docs]def get_mesh_name(mesh_id, offline=False):
"""Get the MESH label for the given MESH ID.
Uses the mappings table in `indra/resources`; if the MESH ID is not listed
there, falls back on the NLM REST API.
Parameters
----------
mesh_id : str
MESH Identifier, e.g. 'D003094'.
offline : bool
Whether to allow queries to the NLM REST API if the given MESH ID is
not contained in INDRA's internal MESH mappings file. Default is False
(allows REST API queries).
Returns
-------
str
Label for the MESH ID, or None if the query failed or no label was
found.
"""
indra_mesh_mapping = mesh_id_to_name.get(mesh_id)
if offline or indra_mesh_mapping is not None:
return indra_mesh_mapping
# Look up the MESH mapping from NLM if we don't have it locally
return get_mesh_name_from_web(mesh_id)
[docs]def get_mesh_id_name(mesh_term, offline=False):
"""Get the MESH ID and name for the given MESH term.
Uses the mappings table in `indra/resources`; if the MESH term is not
listed there, falls back on the NLM REST API.
Parameters
----------
mesh_term : str
MESH Descriptor or Concept name, e.g. 'Breast Cancer'.
offline : bool
Whether to allow queries to the NLM REST API if the given MESH term is
not contained in INDRA's internal MESH mappings file. Default is False
(allows REST API queries).
Returns
-------
tuple of strs
Returns a 2-tuple of the form `(id, name)` with the ID of the
descriptor corresponding to the MESH label, and the descriptor name
(which may not exactly match the name provided as an argument if it is
a Concept name). If the query failed, or no descriptor corresponding to
the name was found, returns a tuple of (None, None).
"""
indra_mesh_id = mesh_name_to_id.get(mesh_term)
if indra_mesh_id is not None:
return indra_mesh_id, mesh_term
indra_mesh_id, new_term = \
mesh_name_to_id_name.get(mesh_term, (None, None))
if indra_mesh_id is not None:
return indra_mesh_id, new_term
if offline:
return None, None
# Look up the MESH mapping from NLM if we don't have it locally
return get_mesh_id_name_from_web(mesh_term)
@lru_cache(maxsize=1000)
def submt_sparql_query(query_body):
url = MESH_URL + 'sparql'
query = '%s\n%s' % (mesh_rdf_prefixes, query_body)
args = {'query': query, 'format': 'JSON', 'inference': 'true'}
resp = requests.get(url, params=args)
# Check status
if resp.status_code != 200:
return None
try:
# Try to parse the json response (this can raise exceptions if we
# got no response).
return resp.json()
except Exception:
return None
[docs]def get_mesh_id_name_from_web(mesh_term):
"""Get the MESH ID and name for the given MESH term using the NLM REST API.
Parameters
----------
mesh_term : str
MESH Descriptor or Concept name, e.g. 'Breast Cancer'.
Returns
-------
tuple of strs
Returns a 2-tuple of the form `(id, name)` with the ID of the
descriptor corresponding to the MESH label, and the descriptor name
(which may not exactly match the name provided as an argument if it is
a Concept name). If the query failed, or no descriptor corresponding to
the name was found, returns a tuple of (None, None).
"""
query_body = """
SELECT ?d ?dName ?c ?cName
FROM <http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh>
WHERE {
?d a meshv:Descriptor .
?d meshv:concept ?c .
?d rdfs:label ?dName .
?c rdfs:label ?cName
FILTER (REGEX(?dName,'^%s$','i') || REGEX(?cName,'^%s$','i'))
}
ORDER BY ?d
""" % (mesh_term, mesh_term)
mesh_json = submt_sparql_query(query_body)
if mesh_json is None:
return None, None
try:
# Choose the first entry (should usually be only one)
id_uri = mesh_json['results']['bindings'][0]['d']['value']
name = mesh_json['results']['bindings'][0]['dName']['value']
except (KeyError, IndexError, json.decoder.JSONDecodeError) as e:
return None, None
# Strip the MESH prefix off the ID URI
m = re.match('http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/([A-Za-z0-9]*)', id_uri)
assert m is not None
id = m.groups()[0]
return id, name
def mesh_isa(mesh_id1, mesh_id2):
query_body = """
SELECT DISTINCT ?o
FROM <http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh>
WHERE {
mesh:%s meshv:broaderDescriptor+ ?o .
}
""" % mesh_id1
mesh_json = submt_sparql_query(query_body)
if mesh_json is None:
return False
try:
results = mesh_json['results']['bindings']
for result in results:
id_uri = result['o']['value']
# Strip the MESH prefix off the ID URI
m = re.match('http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/([A-Za-z0-9]*)', id_uri)
id = m.groups()[0]
if mesh_id2 == id:
return True
return False
except Exception:
return False
mesh_rdf_prefixes = """
PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
PREFIX meshv: <http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/vocab#>
PREFIX mesh: <http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/>
PREFIX mesh2019: <http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/2019/>
PREFIX mesh2018: <http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/2018/>
PREFIX mesh2017: <http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/2017/>
"""